Alabama families and adults with Down Syndrome may qualify for federal and state disability benefits, Medicaid waivers, and support services. This guide explains eligibility, how to apply, and where to get help—step by step.
To qualify for SSI (Supplemental Security Income), a child or adult with Down Syndrome must meet the Social Security Administration’s (SSA) definition of disability, have limited income and resources, and be a U.S. citizen or eligible noncitizen[5]. For SSDI (Social Security Disability Insurance), you generally need 40 work credits (20 earned in the last 10 years)[5]. Children under 18 with Down Syndrome can qualify for SSI based on the family’s income, while adults must meet income and resource limits on their own. In 2025, the SGA (Substantial Gainful Activity) limit for non-blind individuals is $1,470 per month (SSDI) or $1,620 (SSI)—earning over this may affect eligibility[1][4].
Alabama uses federal SSI/SSDI rules, but state Medicaid waivers add another layer of support. The Elderly & Disabled (E&D) Waiver is available if you meet nursing facility level of care, with monthly income up to $2,901 and resources under $2,000 (as of the first of each month)[2]. Children with Down Syndrome may receive immediate SSI payments for up to 6 months while SSA reviews the application, because Down Syndrome is a qualifying condition for this expedited process[4]. Alabama’s disability determination process may involve additional exams or documentation, so be prepared to provide medical records and attend evaluations if requested[4].
1. Apply for SSI or SSDI
2. Submit Medical Evidence
3. Track Your Application
4. Apply for Alabama Medicaid Waivers
SSI (Supplemental Security Income) provides monthly cash assistance to eligible children and adults with Down Syndrome. SSDI (Social Security Disability Insurance) offers benefits to disabled adults with sufficient work history. Both are administered by the Social Security Administration[5]. In 2025, benefits increase by 2.5% due to the annual COLA adjustment[1]. Children with certain conditions—including Down Syndrome—may be eligible for immediate SSI payments during the application review[4].
Alabama offers Medicaid waiver programs for people with disabilities who need home and community-based services instead of institutional care. The Elderly & Disabled (E&D) Waiver provides services like case management, personal care, respite, adult day health, and non-emergency transportation[2]. To qualify, you must meet nursing facility level of care and financial limits. Alabama also has local Aging and Disability Resource Centers (ADRCs) that help connect families to food, transportation, legal help, and in-home services[7]. The Alabama Department of Mental Health offers free benefits counseling through the Work Incentives Planning & Assistance (WIPA) program for SSDI recipients[6]. Always check both federal and state programs to maximize support.
ABLE accounts let individuals with disabilities (onset before age 26) save up to $18,000 per year (2025) without affecting SSI or Medicaid eligibility. Alabama residents can open ABLE accounts through the national ABLE network. Funds can be used for education, housing, health, and other disability-related expenses.
For SSI and Medicaid waivers, strict income and resource limits apply. SSI resource limit is $2,000 for individuals and $3,000 for couples. Alabama’s E&D Waiver has a $2,901 monthly income limit and a $2,000 resource limit[2]. SSDI does not have income or resource limits, but you cannot engage in substantial gainful activity (SGA). In 2025, the SGA limit is $1,470/month (non-blind SSDI), $1,620 (SSI), and $2,460 (SSDI, blind)[1][4].
Report any changes in income, resources, or living situation to SSA and Alabama Medicaid promptly. Failing to report can result in overpayments, which you may have to pay back[5]. Keep records of any changes for at least two years. If your benefits change, SSA will notify you by mail and explain your options to appeal.
If your child has Down Syndrome, you may receive SSI payments immediately for up to 6 months while SSA reviews your application. This is because Down Syndrome is a fast-tracked condition for immediate medical qualification[4]. Ask SSA about this when you apply—it can help with urgent needs while waiting for a full decision.
Call the Alabama Department of Mental Health at 1-800-361-4491 to apply for home and community-based waiver services. The E&D Waiver can provide essential supports like personal care, respite, and case management for those who qualify[2]. Early contact can help you understand options and required paperwork.
Yes—children with Down Syndrome may qualify for immediate SSI payments for up to 6 months while SSA reviews the application, because Down Syndrome is a fast-tracked condition[4].
SSI is based on financial need and disability; SSDI requires work credits and a disability. Alabama follows federal rules for both, but only SSI has strict resource limits[5].
Alabama offers Medicaid waiver programs through the Elderly & Disabled (E&D) Waiver for community-based services, but there are no programs specifically for Down Syndrome—eligibility is based on disability and need for care[2].
ABLE accounts are tax-advantaged savings accounts for people with disabilities. Alabama residents can open an ABLE account through the national ABLE network—these accounts help save for disability expenses without losing benefits.
Contact the Alabama Department of Mental Health at 1-800-361-4491 or visit medicaid.alabama.gov to start your application for the E&D Waiver or other programs[2].
Yes—SSI and SSDI payments increase by 2.5% in 2025 due to the annual cost-of-living adjustment (COLA)[1].
This guide is for informational purposes only and is not legal or financial advice. Always consult with a qualified professional for personalized guidance.
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If your income exceeds the limit, your SSI benefits may be reduced or stopped. Report all changes to SSA to avoid overpayments and penalties.
Yes, but you cannot earn more than $1,470/month (2025, non-blind) in substantial gainful activity or you risk losing SSDI benefits[1]. SSI has lower limits.
Contact your local SSA office, visit ssa.gov, call 1-800-772-1213, or reach out to Alabama’s Aging and Disability Resource Centers for assistance[7].
The E&D Waiver includes case management, personal care, respite, adult day health, home-delivered meals, and non-emergency transportation for those who qualify[2].
