Navigating Social Security disability benefits can be confusing, especially when it comes to understanding the differences between Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI). While both programs provide financial assistance to individuals with disabilities, they have distinct eligibility requirements, funding sources, and benefits. This guide will help clarify how each program works and who qualifies for them.
What is SSI?
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a needs-based program designed to provide financial support to individuals who have limited income and resources. It is funded by general tax revenues, not Social Security payroll taxes.
Eligibility for SSI
To qualify for SSI, an individual must:
Be disabled, blind, or 65 or older
Have limited income and resources (less than $2,000 in assets for individuals, $3,000 for couples)
Be a U.S. citizen or qualified non-citizen
Unlike SSDI, SSI does not require a work history. It is meant for those who may not have worked long enough to earn Social Security benefits.
How Much Can You Receive?As of 2025, the maximum federal benefit rate (FBR) for SSI is:
$967 per month for an individual
$1,450 per month for a couple
Some states provide additional state supplements that can increase the total amount received.
What is SSDI?
Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) is an insurance-based program that provides benefits to individuals who have worked and paid Social Security taxes for a required number of years before becoming disabled.
Eligibility for SSDI
To qualify for SSDI, an individual must:
Have a qualifying disability that prevents substantial work activity
Have earned enough work credits by paying into Social Security
Generally, this means working for at least 5 of the last 10 years before becoming disabled
Unlike SSI, there are no income or asset limits for SSDI eligibility, but earned income above a certain threshold can disqualify you from receiving benefits.
How Much Can You Receive?
The SSDI benefit amount is based on the individual's past earnings. The estimated average SSDI payment in 2025 is $1,976 per month, but actual amounts vary.
The maximum earnings threshold for SSDI in 2025 is:
$1,620/month for non-blind individuals
$2,700/month for blind individuals
$1,160/month for those in a Trial Work Period (TWP)
Can You Receive Both SSI and SSDI?
Yes, it is possible to receive both SSI and SSDI in certain cases. This is called concurrent benefits. If your SSDI benefit is low due to a limited work history, SSI may provide additional financial support to bring you up to the maximum benefit amount.
Which Program is Right for You?
If you have never worked or have low income and few assets, SSI is likely your best option.
If you have worked and paid Social Security taxes, but can no longer work due to a disability, SSDI may be the right fit.
If you qualify for SSDI but receive low monthly payments, you may also be eligible for SSI.
How to Apply for SSI or SSDI
You can apply for SSI or SSDI through the Social Security Administration (SSA) by:
Applying online at www.ssa.gov
Calling SSA at 1-800-772-1213
Visiting your local SSA office
Before applying, gather necessary documents like medical records, work history, and proof of income/resources.
Need Help Managing Your Benefits?
Navigating SSI and SSDI can be overwhelming, but Purple is here to help! Our tools make it easy to track your income, stay on top of eligibility requirements, and manage your finances.